Amplified fragment length polymorphism (ALFP) based molecular analysis of Egyptian barley lines and landraces differing in their resistance and susceptibility to leaf rust and net blotch diseases

Twenty four Egyptian lines and landraces, representing Egyptian barley germplasm were collected and screened for resistance to net blotch (Pyrenophora teres) and leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) diseases. Two landraces, collected from Rafah (Sinai), Awlad Ali (Marsa Matrouh) and the two lines AT 5 and DT 1 (Barley Dept., ARC) showed extreme resistance to both net blotch and leaf rust. The line AT 42 is the most susceptible one for net blotch and leaf rust. Genetic diversity among the 24 accessions with various levels of resistance and susceptibility to net blotch and leaf rust was evaluated using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). AFLP analysis generated large number of polymorphic bands (markers) and allowed easy identification of the different genotypes at the DNA level. The developed AFLP-based dendrogram divided the barley genotypes into two main clusters in accordance with their origin (native landraces), and resistance and susceptibility to diseases (lines derived from the same crosses). The developed AFLP fingerprints for the newly identified valuable net blotch and leaf rust resistant Egyptian barley accessions reported herein could support the future Egyptian barley germplasm collection, preservation and utilization.