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Efficacy of trapping protocols for Agrilus jewel beetles: a multi-country assessment

Affiliation
University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Italy
Santoiemma, Giacomo;
Affiliation
Forest Research, Centre of Forest Protection, UK
Williams, David;
Affiliation
USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Forest Pest Methods Laboratory, USA
Booth, Everett G.;
Affiliation
University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Italy
Cavaletto, Giacomo;
Affiliation
BFW – Austrian Research Centre for Forests, Austria
Connell, James;
Affiliation
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Italy
Curletti, Gianfranco;
Affiliation
Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia
de Groot, Maarten;
Affiliation
USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Forest Pest Methods Laboratory, USA
Devine, Sarah M.;
Affiliation
Forest Research, Centre of Forest Protection, UK
Enston, Abigail;
Affiliation
USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Forest Pest Methods Laboratory, USA
Francese, Joseph A.;
Affiliation
USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Bethel Field Station, USA
Franzen, Emily K. L.;
Affiliation
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Canada
Giasson, Mischa;
Affiliation
Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia
Groznik, Eva;
Affiliation
Department of Natural Forests, Forest Research Institute, Poland
Gutowski, Jerzy M.;
Affiliation
Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia
Hauptman, Tine;
Affiliation
BFW – Austrian Research Centre for Forests, Austria
Hinterstoisser, Werner;
Affiliation
BFW – Austrian Research Centre for Forests, Austria
Hoch, Gernot;
GND
1139391372
Affiliation
Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Institute for National and International Plant Health, Germany
Hoppe, Björn;
Affiliation
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Canada
Hughes, Cory;
Affiliation
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Canada
Kostaniwicz, Chantelle;
Affiliation
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Sweden
Peterson, Donnie L.;
Affiliation
Department of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Poland
Plewa, Radosław;
Affiliation
Xavier University, Department of Biology, USA
Ray, Ann M.;
Affiliation
Université d’Orléans, INRAE, France
Sallé, Aurélien;
Affiliation
Department of Natural Forests, Forest Research Institute, Poland
Sućko, Krzysztof;
Affiliation
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Canada
Sweeney, Jon;
Affiliation
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Atlantic Forestry Center, Canada
Van Rooyen, Kate;
Affiliation
University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Italy
Rassati, Davide

The genus Agrilus is one of the most diverse insect genera worldwide. The larval feeding activity causes extensive damage in both forests and orchards. In addition, more than 30 species have been introduced outside their native range so far, including the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. Thus, the availability of efficient trapping protocols for early detection of Agrilus species at entry points is of utmost importance. In this study we tested whether trapping protocols developed for surveillance of A. planipennis in North America were also effective for other Agrilus species. In particular, through a multi-country assessment we compared the efficacy of detecting Agrilus species on: (i) green glue-coated prism traps vs. green Fluon-coated multi-funnel traps when baited with the green leaf volatile (Z)-3-hexenol or left unbaited; and (ii) green multi-panel traps vs. green multi-panel traps baited with dead adult Agrilus beetles (decoys). A total of 23,481 individuals from 45 Agrilus species were caught. Trap design significantly affected both species richness and abundance of Agrilus species in several of the countries where the trapping experiments were carried out, and green prism traps outperformed green multi-funnel traps in most cases. On the contrary, the addition of a (Z)-3-hexenol lure or dead adult beetle decoys on to traps did not improve trap catches. Our study highlights that reliable trap models to survey Agrilus species are already available, but also that there is the clear need to further investigate chemical ecology of Agrilus species to develop semiochemical lures that can improve detection efficacy.

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