RNA-Seq Time Series of Vitis vinifera Bud Development Reveals Correlation of Expression Patterns with the Local Temperature Profile

Plants display sophisticated mechanisms to tolerate challenging environmental conditions 21 and need to manage their ontogenesis in parallel. Here, we set out to generate an RNA-Seq time 22 series dataset throughout grapevine (Vitis vinifera) early bud development. The expression of the 23 developmental regulator VviAP1 served as an indicator for progress of development. We 24 investigated the impact of changing temperatures on gene expression levels during the time series 25 and detected a correlation between increased temperatures and a high expression level of genes 26 encoding heat-shock proteins. The data set also allowed the exemplary investigation of expression 27 patterns of genes from three transcription factor (TF) gene families, namely MADS-box, WRKY, and 28 R2R3-MYB genes. Inspection of the expression profiles from all three TF gene families indicated that 29 a switch in the developmental program takes place in July which coincides with increased 30 expression of the bud dormancy marker gene VviDRM1.