Status and Perspectives of Biomass Use for Industrial Process Heat for Industrialized Countries

Full reduction of greenhouse gas emissions involves transforming the industrial process heat supply. The status and future perspectives of biomass for industrial heat mainly based on the German example are reviewed, and a more differentiated consideration by a newly introduced method is attempted. The article focuses on temperature levels above 200 °C combined with an individual examination of most energy-consuming industrial subsectors according to the feasibility of biomass utilization. Numerous studies conclude that biomass use will shift substantially from residential to industrial heat. Results indicate that biomass could play a bigger role especially for cement and clinker production, but they indicate also a significant need for further research and development to take final conclusions.