Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles – platform for fish oral vaccination and characterization of the systemic and mucosal innate and adaptive immune response

The Peritoneal cavity as a model for immune response has been previously described in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); however, most pathogens infect fish via mucosal surfaces such as skin, gills or the mouth, oftentimes ending in the gut. Therefore, we established an oral stimulation model with bacterial antigens to analyze the mucosal and systemic immune response as a model for salmonid fish. To validate the oral stimulation formula, a first step with the kinetics of distinct immune cell subpopulations was comparatively characterized by flow cytometry in target immune organs (gut, peritoneum) and effector immune organs (spleen and head kidney), after either, intraperitoneal or oral stimulation, using different strains of Aeromonas salmonicida inactivated. Secondly, the recognized cell populations were sorted at function related time points after stimulation. Finally, the mRNA was prepared form these isolated cell populations to characterize their mRNA profile. The main aim of this first study within the project “Modular oral applicable Multi-Vaccine – principle solutions (MoMV) was to answer the question whether or not an antigenic oral stimulation, induces a comparable immune response to the intraperitoneal route

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