Ernährung in der Schwangerschaft, Handlungsempfehlungen des Netzwerks „Gesund ins Leben – Netzwerk Junge Familie“

Nutrition, physical activity and lifestyle in pregnancy influence maternal and child health. The "Healthy start - Young Family Network" supported by the German Government with the national action plan IN FORM developed recommendations on nutrition in pregnancy. Energy needs increase by only approximately 10 % by the end of pregnancy whereas micronutrient needs increase much more. Normal weight should preferably be achieved before pregnancy. Dietary recommendations follow those for the general population. Folic acid supplements (400 microg/day) should be started before pregnancy and continue for at least the first trimester. Iodine rich foods and salt and an iodine supplement (100-150 microg/day) are recommended. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids should be provided with >/= 1 weekly portion of oily sea fish, or a DHA-supplement if regular fish consumption is avoided. Vitamin D supplementation is advisable unless there is regular exposure to sunlight. Health care professions should lead parents to health-promoting lifestyles. Subjects of part 2 of the article are practice recommendations on nutrition in pregnancy, especially vegetarian diets, recommendations on micronutrient supplementation, risk reduction of listeriosis and toxoplasmosis, alcohol, tobacco, caffeine and physical activity in pregnancy